Daimio rewarded the farmer because his actions caused the cherry tree to blossom and he punished the neighbour because their actions led to trouble for others.
The above question is in reference to the story “The Ashes That Made the Trees Blossom”.
The farmer sprinkled the ashes over a rotten and withered cherry tree. This action led to the blossoming of the cherry tree. Daimio was happy to see the blossoming of the cherry tree and hence rewarded the farmer.
On the other hand, the farmer's neighbour tried to do the same act, for the greed of reward. When the neighbour sprinkled ash over the tree, it caused a disturbance by getting into the eyes of others and making people cough. This made Daimio angry and he punished the neighbour.
This incident portrays that actions are judged by intentions. The intention behind doing anything should be good and for the well being of others.
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