According to the text, research focusing on ________ investigates what one looks for in the opposite sex, whereas research focusing on ________ investigates how one handles heterosexual relationships.

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According to the text, research focusing on mate selection investigates what one looks for in the opposite sex, whereas research focusing on mate strategies investigates how one handles heterosexual relationships.

There are various mate selection theories. The social exchange theory holds that choosing a partner is a process of looking for resource exchange. This theory emphasizes how people are drawn to those who possess the resources they need when choosing a mate. According to historical data, modifications to the courtship system represent a shift toward independent courtship systems as a society modernizes. Because planned weddings are more common in societies with close extended kinship ties or when the marriage has a significant impact on the family and community in terms of resource or status allocation, they are less common in industrialized cultures. Arranged weddings are being replaced by autonomous courtship systems, which prioritize free partner selection, as societies become more contemporary. Since the requirement for selecting a spouse has changed from that of individual choice based on love to that of the necessity to consolidate economic resources, these autonomous courtship systems are sometimes known as "love" marriages.

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