Unrestricted submarine warfare, the American ultimatum, the moratorium, and the termination of the Sussex Pledge are the sequence of events that define changes to Germarny's stance.
More about Unrestricted submarine warfare:
Beginning in early 1915, when Germany designated the area surrounding the British Isles a conflict zone and warned that all cargo ships those from neutral nations—would be subject to attack by the German navy, unrestricted submarine warfare was first used in World War I.
Countries attempted to restrict or even outlaw submarines after Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare on February 1, 1917. The 1909 Manifesto of London mandated that submarines follow certain regulations.
Although arming merchantmen was not specifically forbidden by these regulations, letting them notify encounter with submarines (or raiders) effectively turned them into naval auxiliary personnel and nullified the prize rules' protection for them.
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