In order for Darwinian natural selection to cause evolutionary change, a population must contain individuals that differ hereditarily in some characteristic because "Unless there is variation of this sort, parents cannot pass on their advantageous attributes to their offspring."
Every generation produces more people who can live. Individuals can differ phenotypically, and this difference is heritable. People who have inherited characteristics that are more suited to their environment will survive.
According to the Darwinian idea, if dogs with good senses of smell are more likely to survive than dogs without strong senses of smell, all dogs will eventually have good senses of smell since dogs with poor senses of smell will eventually go extinct.
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