Antibody class and antibody subclass are determined by major physiochemical differences and antigenic variation found primarily in the constant region of heavy chain.
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are used by the immune system to identify and eliminate foreign invaders, including dangerous bacteria and viruses. The antibody is able to identify the antigen, or unique molecule of the infection.
Antigens are molecules that the immune system can be triggered by. Each antigen has distinct surface properties called epitopes that result in particular reactions. Immune system B cells produce antibodies (immunoglobins), Y-shaped proteins that are produced in response to antigen exposure.
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