The network portion of an internet protocol (ip) address is separated from its host portion by a network mask.
You must binary AND the IP address and its netmask to obtain the network component of an IP address. A binary AND of the inverted netmask makes up the host portion (bits flipped between 0 and 1).
The subnet mask identifies the network portion of the IP address and the host portion. From left to right, bit for bit, the IP address is compared to the subnet mask. The subnet mask's network and host components are represented by the 1s and 0s, respectively.
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