When the proton number and electron number are unequal, the atom or molecule is an ion.
What is proton number and electron number?
- The total number of protons in the nucleus is known as the atomic number, sometimes known as the proton number, and it is denoted by the letter Z.
- An electrically neutral atom has exactly as many electrons as its atomic number.
- Therefore, the nucleus has a total electrical charge of +Ze.
- For neutrally charged species, the number of electrons in an atom is equal to the atomic number of an element.
- This indicates that an element has an equal amount of protons and electrons. Consequently, there are 8 electrons in oxygen.
- Number of Neutrons = Atomic Mass - Atomic N
- Number of Protons = Atomic Number
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