The difference between a categorical grant, a block grant, and a mandate is given below:
There are two general types of grants-in-aid: Block grants: Money given for a fairly broad purpose with few strings attached. Categorical grants: Money given for a specific purpose that comes with restrictions concerning how the money should be spent.
Laws and orders have equal power to enforce. The only difference is how it came about. Laws are passed by the Senate and House of Representatives and signed by the Governor. Mandates are given by the governor and have the powers that Congress grants to the governor under a state of emergency.
The most prominent examples of legislative mandates are environmental regulations, such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, which require state governments to implement certain prescribed standards. The projected costs of these powers to state governments can be very high.
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