Nuclear decay is a radioactive decay where energy is released by unstable nuclei. After thorium undergoes decay, actinium-228 will be the final product. Thus, option a is correct.
Alpha radioactive decay is the loss of two protons and neutrons from the element that results in a decrease of the atomic mass by 4 and atomic number of the element by two.
²³² Th₉₀ → ²²⁸Ra₈₈ + ⁴α₂
Beta radioactive decay is the increase of the atomic number but not the atomic mass of the element.
²²⁸Ra₈₈ → ²²⁸Ac⁸⁹ + β⁻
Therefore, option a. actinium-228 is the final product of the decay.
Learn more about alpha and beta decay here:
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was, In the initial sequence of thorium-232 decay, an alpha particle is emitted followed by a beta particle. What is the product of these two decay steps?
²³² Th → α particle + β particle + ?
actinium-228radium-228francium-228thorium-228the correct answer differs from these possibilities