The main tool of monetary policy is open market operations.
The Federal Reserve uses open market operations (OMOs), which are central banks' purchases and sales of assets on the open market, as a key tool for carrying out monetary policy. The Federal Open Market Committee establishes the short-term goal for open market operations (FOMC).
A central bank will engage in an open market operation to provide a bank or group of banks with liquidity in its currency. In order to control the amount of money in the economy, central banks engage in open market activities. For instance, the Reserve Bank of India, or RBI, conducts open market operations in India.
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