When conducting experiments with control and treatment groups, the best way to ensure that the groups are roughly identical to each other is through a procedure known as random assignment.
What are the advantages of random assignment?
Since confounding factors are distributed across the study groups at random, random assignment disqualifies this potential alternative explanation for the results and eliminates the confounding variables' influence on the therapy.
What is the disadvantage of random assignment?
The inability of the experimenters to regulate the treatment or independent variable makes random assignment sometimes impossible. For instance, it is impossible to randomly place subjects in groups to compare how well people with and without depression perform on a test.
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