If a substance which is not a substrate happens to bind to the active site of an enzyme, it will result in the reduction of the activity of the enzyme.
For an enzyme to catalyze a reaction, a substrate has to come and bind to the active site which is present on the enzyme. As the substrates binds, some modifications occur resulting in a change of shape of the active site and results in the grasping of the substrate more tightly and thereby catalyzing the reaction.
If a substance which is not a substrate comes and takes the place of the substrate on the active site, the rate of the reaction will slow down as the active site will now not be able to bind to the target molecule.
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