The independent entity is an entity that does not require a relationship to another entity for identification.
The entity relationship (ER) data model has been in use due to its relative abstraction and simplicity in discussion and explanation, it is highly suited to data modelling for usage with databases. Relations may be easily converted from ER models. ER diagrams are used to depict ER models, also known as an ER schema.
The foundation of the database is made up of independent entities, often known as kernels. On these, more tables are constructed. The following traits apply to kernels:
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