The combination of an electrical gradient and a concentration gradient called electrochemical gradient. It is a gradient of electrochemical potential for an ion that move across a membrane.
The gradient has two parts -chemical gradient and electrical gradient. When unequal concentration of an ion across a permeable membrane and the ions moves toward the membrane from the higher concentration to lower concentration through the process of simple diffusion.
If unequal distribution of charges towards the membrane then electric potential generates a force that drive ion diffusion until the equilibrium is attained and both sides are balanced. This electrochemical gradient is important to the operation of batteries and photosynthesis and cellular respiration or other biological processes.
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