20% administered ophthalmic dose is lost due to spillage from the eye.
The average size of the drops is 50 µl and they are dropped into a 30 µl 'reservoir' or surface of the eye. There is some shedding and nasolacrimal drainage. Tearing and blinking cause dilution and increase spillage and nasolacrimal clearance.
Due to the presence of capillaries and lymphatics in the conjunctiva compared to the cornea, drug absorption in the conjunctiva is thought to be counterproductive, resulting in significant drug loss to the systemic circulation and thereby influencing the eye. may reduce the bioavailability of
In addition, several factors are possible, including fluid drainage, lacrimation, tear turnover, tear dilution, and conjunctival absorption. The very low permeability of the membrane plays an important role in the low ocular bioavailability of the dosage form.
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