Intramembranous bone formation occurs through a tight matrix of collagen fibers, which slowly calcify into bone.
- Compact and spongy bone forms directly from sheets of mesenchymal (undifferentiated) connective tissue during intramembranous ossification.
- Intramembranous ossification is responsible for the formation of the flat facial bones, the majority of the cranial bones, and the clavicles (collarbones).
- Mesenchymal cells that are gathered together and start to differentiate into specialized cells in the embryonic skeleton signal the start of the process.
- Some of these cells will develop into capillaries, while others will differentiate into osteogenic cells, which will later develop into osteoblasts.
- Early osteoblasts first emerge as a group known as an ossification center, though they will eventually be dispersed by the development of bone tissue.
- Collagen precursors and other organic proteins make up the osteoid, uncalcified matrix that the osteoblasts release; this matrix calcifies (hardens) in a matter of days as mineral salts are deposited on it, encasing the osteoblasts.
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