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NADH, GTP, FADH2 are the activated carriers which are produced during the citric acid cycle.

What are activated carriers?

A small molecule that has a chemical group attached to it through a high-energy linkage and can donate energy or the chemical group in a variety of chemical processes.

How these activated carriers are produced in Kreb's cycle?

  • The inner mitochondrial membrane's electron-transport chain receives high-energy electron contributions from NADH and FADH2.
  • The activated nucleoside triphosphate GTP, which is closely similar to ATP, is also produced by the citric acid cycle.
  • Electrons from the combustion of carbs, lipids, and other nutrients during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are used to power the flow of ATP production.
  • These "high-energy" electrons are produced by activated carriers produced during these two types of catabolic events, with the citric acid cycle operating in the mitochondrial matrix producing the majority of these activated carriers.
  • The oxidation of molecules taken from food is finished by the citric acid cycle.
  • The activated carriers NADH and FADH2 store some of the energy produced by this oxidation in the form of high-energy electrons.
  • The inner mitochondrial membrane's electron-transport chain can then receive electrons from these two activated carriers.

Learn more about activated carriers here:

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