The cerebral cortex is the brain structure responsible for the highly developed intelligence of the human species.
What is cerebral cortex?
- There are hundreds of billions of neurons in the cerebral cortex, and all of them have one of three morphological variations: pyramidal cells, fusiform cells, or stellate cells (granular cells).
- One of the three is modified in other cell types found in the cortex.
Appearance of cerebral cortex:
- The cerebral cortex has deep sulci and bulges, which are collectively referred to as gyri, that give it a wrinkled appearance.
- The cerebral cortex's numerous folds and wrinkles provide a larger surface area for an increasing number of neurons to reside, enabling it to process vast amounts of information.
- The thickness of the human cerebral cortex, which is made up of densely folded sheets of neurons, ranges from 1 to 4.5 mm, with an average thickness of about 2.5 mm.
- There are between 14 billion and 16 billion nerve cells in the six layers that make up the cerebral cortex.
- cortex is divided into four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital.
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