Question

The pH of an aqueous solution is determined to be 3. What is the hydronium ion concentration of the
solution?
A. [H3O+] = 1 x 10-³ M
B. [H3O+] = 3 x 10-³ M
[H3O+] = 1 x 10-11 M
D. [H3O+] = 3 x 10-11 M

Answer 1

Considering the definition of pH, the hydronium ion concentration [H₃O⁺] of the solution is  1×10⁻³ M.

Definition of pH

pH is the Hydrogen Potential. It is a measure of acidity or alkalinity that indicates the amount of hydrogen ions present in a solution or substance.

Mathematically, pH is calculated as the negative base 10 logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions:

pH= - log [H⁺]= -log [H₃O⁺]

The numerical scale that measures the pH of substances includes the numbers from 0 to 14. The pH value 7 corresponds to neutral substances. Acidic substances are those with a pH lower than 7, while basic substances have a pH higher than 7.

Hydronium ion concentration

In this case, being pH= 3, you can replace this value in the definition of pH:

3= -log [H₃O⁺]

Solving:

[H₃O⁺]= 10⁻³ M

[H₃O⁺]= 1×10⁻³ M

Finally, the hydronium ion concentration [H₃O⁺] of the solution is  1×10⁻³ M.

Learn more about pH:

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