Question

In 1656, the Burgmeister (mayor) of the town of Magdeburg, Germany, Otto Von Guericke, carried out a dramatic demonstration of the effect resulting from evacuating air from a container. It is the basis for this problem. Two steel hemispheres of radius 0.430 m (1.41 feet) with a rubber seal in between are placed together and air pumped out so that the pressure inside is 15.00 millibar. The atmospheric pressure outside is 940 millibar.
1. Calculate the force required to pull the two hemispheres apart. [Note: 1 millibar=100 N/m2. One atmosphere is 1013 millibar = 1.013×105 N/m2 ]
2. Two equal teams of horses, are attached to the hemispheres to pull it apart. If each horse can pull with a force of 1450N (i.e., about 326 lbs), what is the minimum number of horses required?

Answer 1

The values of the required solutions are

• F= 53731 N
• N=37.05

What is the minimum number of horses required?

What is Force?

In the field of physics, an influence that can alter the motion of an object is referred to as a force. An object having mass can experience a change in its velocity, often known as an acceleration, when subjected to a force. Intuitively, force can also be conceptualized as either a push or a pull. Because it may be measured in both magnitude and direction, a force is considered a vector quantity.

What is atmospheric pressure?

The pressure that is exerted within the atmosphere of the Earth is referred to as barometric pressure as well as atmospheric pressure. As a unit of pressure, the standard atmosphere is defined as having a value of 101,325 Pa. This value is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars, 760 mm Hg, 29.9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi.

In most situations, the equation for force can be expressed numerically as

Force = pressure * A

Therefore

$F= (970 - 15 B)(\pi * (0.430 )^2)$

F= 53731 N

In conclusion, If each horse can pull with a force of 1450N

The number of horses required is

$N=\frac{60754 }{1450}$

N=37.05

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