The correct option option is (d) Adam smith.
According to Adam Smith, nations should focus on producing the things for which they have a clear advantage. Countries should create all the goods for which they have an absolute advantage, according to Ricardo's principle of comparative advantage.
Smith explains the fundamental concept of comparative advantage, which holds that it makes more sense to produce a thing for which you have the appropriate knowledge and resources rather than using inefficiently your resources to produce an item that another country can provide for less money overall.
Developed by British economist David Ricardo in the 19th century, comparative advantage is an economic theory that links differences in relative opportunity costs, or the price paid for providing a given item, between nations, to the causes and benefits of international commerce.
Learn more about Smith's comparative advantage here
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