Contraction of the Muscularis mucosa alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds.
This thin layer of smooth muscle is in constant tension and pulls the lining of the stomach and small intestine into wavy folds. these folds dramatically increase the surface area available for digestion and absorption.
The absorption process also takes place in the small intestine. food is broken down into particles small enough to enter the small intestine. sugars and amino acids enter the bloodstream through the capillaries of each villus. glycerin and fatty acids go to the lymphatic system.
Simple molecules resulting from chemical digestion pass through the cell membranes of the small intestine mucosa and enter the blood or lymphatic capillaries. this process is called absorption.
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