Factor X is necessary and not sufficient enough for causing certain genetic diseases. They are called 'component causes'.
Most of the classic genetic diseases can be explained by 'component cause'. This means that there are two or more different complex factors necessary to cause a single disease and more importantly together only they can form a sufficient cause.
For instance, Phenylketonuria (PKA) is a genetic disease that involves many different genes. This condition can result from a combination of PKA genes (factor A) and a diet high in phenylalanine (factor B).
Both factors are necessary but either one is not sufficient to cause the disease. These factors A and B together form a casual constellation to cause the PKA disease.
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