Hodgkin and Katz proposed that sodium was the predominant ion associated with the firing of an action potential because of the membrane potential approaches.
When the action potential is maximal, the K+ channels open and K+ begins to leave the cell. At the same time, Na+ channels close. As K+ ions continue to exit the cell, the membrane becomes hyperpolarized. Hyperpolarized membranes are refractory and cannot be ignited.
Action potentials are generated when different ions across neuronal membranes. Stimulation first opens sodium channels. There are more sodium ions on the outside, and the inside of the nerve cell is more negative than the outside, so sodium ions flow into the nerve cell.
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