A monomer of DNA is composed of nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate group.
What is the composition of DNA?
- A DNA molecule is made up of several repeating units called nucleotides.
- Each nucleotide is made up of 3 parts: base, sugar and phosphate.
- Nitrogen bases are cyclic carbon compounds and are of two types: Purines (Adenine and Guanine) and Pyrimidines (Cytosine and Thymidine).
- Purines bond with pyrimidines to form double helix of DNA.
- The sugar has pentose structure and is deoxyribose as it lacks 2’- OH group.
- The 1’ Carbon of sugar is attached to the 9’ nitrogen of purine or 1’ nitrogen of pyrimidine by glycosidic bond.
- The 5’ carbon of sugar is attached to phosphate group.
- The phosphate group is pentavalent with a double bonded oxygen and three single bond hydroxyl molecules.
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