Question

1) When the polynomial P(x) is divided by x+5, the remainder is 3. Which of the following is definitely true?
a) P(3) = 5
b) P(-5) = 3
c) P(5) = 3
d) P(-3) = 5

2) P is a degree 3 polynomial with real coefficients and three zeros. Two of the zeros are 5 and 3+4i. What is the other zero?
a) 4-3i
b) 4+3i
c) -5
d) 3-4i

Answer 1

1) The definitely true for the statement is b) P(-5) = 3.

2) The three roots are 5, 3 + 4i, and 3 - 4i. Option D is correct.

What is the remainder theorem for polynomials?

If there is a polynomial p(x), and a constant number 'a', then

$\dfrac{p(x)}{(x-a)} = g(x) + p(a)$

where g(x) is a factor of p(x)

Given;

1) When the polynomial P(x) is divided by x+5, the remainder is 3.

If a polynomial P(x) is divided by (x-a), then the remainder is P(a).

If the polynomial P(x) is divided by (x+5), then the remainder will be P(-5).

So, P(-5) = 3

Therefore, the definitely true for the statement is b) P(-5) = 3.

2) P is a 3 degree polynomial with real coefficients and three zeros. Two of the zeros are 5 and 3+4i.

The complex roots always exist in conjugate pairs so,

3 + 4i and 3 - 4i

Thus, the three roots are 5, 3 + 4i, and 3 - 4i. Option D is correct.

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