Answer:
Sunlight (The sun should be behind us)
Water droplets (Raindrops)
How is a rainbow formed?
Rainbows are an optical phenomenon caused by light refracting through airborne water droplets. The angle between you, the water droplet, and the sun determines the apparent color of the water droplets. Rainbows appear to float in the sky and move as you walk. The sky is serving as a screen for an optical illusion.
The most important thing to understand about rainbows is that they are not an item or region "out there," and hence rainbows do not have a location (which is why you can never reach the end when walking toward them). They are also not arc-shaped, but rather round.
When the air is misty, each water droplet functions like a little prism, refracting light from a single point source (the sun) and dispersing colored light (unmixed single-frequency light) in all directions. The rainbow optical illusion is caused by millions of water droplets taking on a certain hue from a specific point of view. Water droplets that give color to your eyes are those that are at a specific geometric angle in space related to the sun and your specific position. They are usually far away, with the sun behind you.
A rainbow would create a complete circle if not for the earth, which cuts the circle into a half-arc. Rainbows seem to be a full circle when viewed through airplane windows.
Light from the sun behind you enters a distant water droplet, refracts at the spherical surface of the drop, reflects off the rear of the drop, and then heads your way. The refraction process divides the light so that just a small color band penetrates your eye, imparting a luminous color to the drop.
The second rainbow of a double rainbow reflects twice within the drop before reaching you, which is why it is weaker (light is lost on each reflection) and reversed in hue (the second reflection makes the color order a mirror image).
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Learn more about the formation of rainbows:
- https://brainly.com/question/7965811
- https://brainly.com/question/15818567
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