Mediator variable explains the relationship between IV and DV.
Moderator variable that changes the relationship between an IV and a DV.
A mediator variable can be described as a third variable that explains how an independent variable affects a dependent variable, while a moderator variable can directly alter or strengthen the relationship between the independent and independent variable.
For example, alertness is a mediator variable between the independent variable, sleep quality, and dependent variable, achievement.
In summary, mediator variable explains the relationship between IV and DV, while the variable that changes the relationship between an IV and a DV is the moderator variable.
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