Respuesta :
Methane (CH4) with the smallest atomic size, would have the lowest boiling point.
What is Boiling point ?
It is the temperature at which the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a liquid is equaled by the pressure exerted by the vapour of the liquid; under this condition, addition of heat results in the transformation of the liquid into its vapour without raising the temperature.
CH₄, SiH₄, GeH₄, SnH₄ are very similar. They are all in the same group and their molecular geometry is a tetrahedral.
They have covalent bonds. The key difference: The number of protons and electrons.
These are non-polar molecules, so there are no ionic bonds. There are no H bonded to a F, N or O, so there is no hydrogen bonds.
Dipole induced dipole forces (AKA London dispersion forces) dictate the boiling points of these atoms. It is the attraction between atoms that dictate how easily they can disperse.
The electrons in an atom are constantly moving due to their repulsion of each other. However, if one electron has moved and the other has not, it is temporarily charged.
The biggest molecule will have the highest boiling point. The more protons and electrons, the stronger the effect.
Therefore, Methane (CH4) with the smallest atomic size, would have the lowest boiling point.
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