The top pair of pliers failed to loosen a stubborn bolt, but the bottom pair successfully removed it. Because the contact between the bolt and the pliers working surface is less.
What is mechanical advantage ?
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the ratio of output force to input force in a system, it is used to obtained efficiency of the given mechanical machine.
The efficiency to open the stubborn bolt depends upon the contact between the working surface of the pliers and the bolt.
The contact between the bolt and the top pair of pliers working surface is less. Its mechanical advantage is less.
Hence, the top pair of pliers failed to loosen a stubborn bolt, but the bottom pair successfully removed it.
To learn more about the mechanical advantage, refer to the link;
https://brainly.com/question/7638820
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