Question

7.4 Practice
A medicine is effective on 70% of patients.
The table shows 30 randomly generated
numbers from to 999. Use the table to
estimate the probability of the event.
1. The modicine is effective on at least two
of the next three patients.
028837 618 205 984
724 301249 946 925
042 | 113 | 696 985 632
312085 | 997 198 | 398
117 240 853:373 597
606 077 016 012
695
2. The medicine is effective on none
of the next three patients.
Design and use a simulation to find the experimental probability.
3. A bowler hats the headpin 90% of the time that all ten pins are standing.
What is the experimental probability that the bowler hits the headpin
exactly four of the next five times that all ten pins are standing?

Answer 1

The simulation of the medicine and the bowler hat are illustrations of probability

• The probability that the medicine is effective on at least two is 0.767
• The probability that the medicine is effective on none is 0
• The probability that the bowler hits a headpin 4 out of 5 times is 0.3281

The probability that the medicine is effective on at least two

From the question,

• Numbers 1 to 7 represents the medicine being effective
• 0, 8 and 9 represents the medicine not being effective

From the simulation, 23 of the 30 randomly generated numbers show that the medicine is effective on at least two

So, the probability is:

p = 23/30

p = 0.767

Hence, the probability that the medicine is effective on at least two is 0.767

The probability that the medicine is effective on none

From the simulation, 0 of the 30 randomly generated numbers show that the medicine is effective on none

So, the probability is:

p = 0/30

p = 0

Hence, the probability that the medicine is effective on none is 0

The probability a bowler hits a headpin

The probability of hitting a headpin is:

p = 90%

The probability a bowler hits a headpin 4 out of 5 times is:

P(x) = nCx * p^x * (1 - p)^(n - x)

So, we have:

P(4) = 5C4 * (90%)^4 * (1 - 90%)^1

P(4) = 0.3281

Hence, the probability that the bowler hits a headpin 4 out of 5 times is 0.3281

Read more about probabilities at:

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