A geostationary orbit is in same direction as the spinning of the earth while polar orbit is along the poles
Orbit describes the pathway a satellite moves. the pathway is usually circular.
Polar orbit refers to orbits that traces along the poles that is North pole and South pole. owing to the spherical nature of the earth polar orbits are shorter. This allows for a shorter time to complete a revolution.
Geostationary orbit as against the polar orbit , geostationary orbits traces same path as the Earth's spinning. This path os longer and will require more time to complete. Satellites tracing this orbits are launched further away about 36000 km above the earths surface while satellites on polar orbits is shorter about 200 km - 2000 km
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