The condition that made the ball stop when it reached the origin of the axes you had drawn is the gravitational force that is of the interaction between two objects with mass.
What is the force that act on an object when you drop a ball?
The gravitational force is known to be a kind of interaction that exist between two objects with their mass.
Note that for a falling ball, the two objects with their known mass are said to be the Earth and also the ball. The power of this gravitational force is said to be proportional to the product of the two said masses.
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