Question

10. Depression. A study published in the Archives of
a
General Psychiatry in March 2001 examined the
impact of depression on a patient's ability to survive
cardiac disease. Researchers identified 450 people
with cardiac disease, evaluated them for depression,
and followed the group for 4 years. Of the 361
patients with no depression, 67 died. Of the 89
patients with minor or major depression, 26 died.
Among people who suffer from cardiac disease, are
depressed patients more likely to die than
nondepressed ones?
a) What kind of design was used to collect these
data?
b) Write appropriate hypotheses.
c) Are the assumptions and conditions necessary for
inference satisfied?
d) Test the hypothesis and state your conclusion,
e) Explain in this context what your P-value means.
f) If your conclusion is actually incorrect, which type of
error did you commit?

Answer 1

Among people who suffer from cardiac disease, are depressed patients more likely to die than nondepressed ones?

• Yes, they are.

a) The kind of design which was used to collect these data is:

• Quantitative Research Design:

b) The appropriate hypotheses is:

• People who are depressed are more likely to die from cardiac arrest than people who are not depressed.

c) Are the assumptions and conditions necessary for inference satisfied?

• No, it is not. More tests and samples need to be concluded to make sure that it is not a chance occurrence.

d) Test the hypothesis and state your conclusion,

• The hypothesis made is consistent with the statistical data but there needs to be more observation and independent variables used.

e) The best explanation of this context based on what your P-value means is:

• The measure of probability of the observed difference between the groups of people shows that there is a small chance for the results being as a result of a random chance.

f) If your conclusion is actually incorrect, the type of error which was committed is:

• Type II error.

What is a Hypothesis?

This refers to the explanation which is given to a particular phenomena based on the trials and research done of which a conclusion has been made.

Read more about hypothesis here:
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