Question

What percentage of the initial potential energy has been converted into heat instead of
kinetic energy?

Answer 1

The percentage of the initial potential energy that has been converted into heat is 18.07%.

What is potential energy?

Potential energy can be defined as the energy of a body due to its position in the gravitational field.

To calculate the percentage of the initial potential energy that has been converted into heat, we use the formula below.

Formula:

• H(%) = [(P.E-K.E)/P.E]100............... Equation 1

Where:

• H = Energy converted to heat
• P.E = Potential energy
• K.E = Kinetic energy.

But,

• P.E = mgh........... Equation 2

From the diagram,

• m = mass = 0.5 kg
• h = 7 cm = 0.07 m
• g = 9.8 m/s²

Substitute these values above into equation 2

• P.E = (0.5×9.8×0.07)
• P.E = 0.343 J

Also From the diagram,

• K.E = 0.281 J.

Substitute these values into equation 1

• H(%) = [(0.343-0.281)/0.343]100
• H(%) = 18.07%.

Hence, the percentage of the initial potential energy that has been converted into heat is 18.07%.

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