The rhetorical device that best describes this sentence is: B. Allusion.
Let's understand what allusion is all about.
Allusion as used in literature is known to be an indirect reference to a person, thing or situation without mentioning that thing explicitly. This shows that there is knowledge they all have which makes them understand what the person is referring to.
In the given sentence, we can see that the speaker is referring to type of punishment which those that forget to include a period at the end of the sentence will face.
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