Applying the angle bisector theorem, the lengths of the segments are: 8 inches and 12 inches.
The angle bisector theorem states that the angle bisector of a triangle will divide the a side, such that their lengths will be proportional the the other two sides of the triangle.
The triangle is shown in the diagram attached below. The angle bisected is opposite the side measuring 20 inches.
According to the angle bisector theorem, therefore:
AB/AC = x/y
Substitute
12/18 = BD/DC
2/3 = BD/DC
This implies that:
2x + 3x = 20
5x = 20
x = 4
Therefore:
BD = 2x
Plug in the value of x
BD = 2 × 4 = 8 inches
Dc = 3x = 3 × 4 = 12 inches.
Therefore, applying the angle bisector theorem, the lengths of the segments are: 8 inches and 12 inches.
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