Taking into account the definition of avogadro's number, the correct answer is option D. 5.42×10²⁴ ions of Na⁺ are found in 3 moles of Na₃PO₄.
An ionic bond is produced between metallic and non-metallic atoms, where electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another. During this process, one atom loses electrons and another one gains them, forming ions: the metal atom becomes a positive ion (called a cation) and the non-metallic atom becomes a negative ion (called an anion).
Avogadro's Number or Avogadro's Constant is called the number of particles that make up a substance (usually atoms or molecules) and that can be found in the amount of one mole of said substance. Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.
In this case, you have 3 mol of Na₃PO₄.
Subscripts indicate the amount of moles of iones present in the ionic compound.
In this case, 1 mole of the compound has 3 moles of Na⁺ and 1 moleof PO₄³⁻. So, in 3 moles of Na₃PO₄ you have 9 moles of Na⁺ and 3 moles of PO₄³⁻.
Then you can apply the following rule of three, considering the Avogadro's Number: if 1 mole of of Na⁺ contains 6.023×10²³ ions, 9 moles of Na⁺ contains how many ions?
[tex]amount of ions of Na^{+} =\frac{9 moles x 6.023x10^{23}ions }{1 mole}[/tex]
amount of ions of Na⁺= 5.42×10²⁴ ions
Finally, the correct answer is option D. 5.42×10²⁴ ions of Na⁺ are found in 3 moles of Na₃PO₄.
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