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U-shaped mountain valleys that may contain rocks that have been polished or appear to have  near parallel scratches on the surface are most likely formed by: Valley glaciers.

When the temperature of the earth becomes low and glaciers form on mountain tops, valleys, and hills, they gradually begin to move down the slope, forming a v-shape.

  • The continual movement of these glaciers over the surface of the valleys and mountains eventually causes an expansion of the area.

  • This eventually forms the U-shaped mountain valleys that contain polished rocks.

So, Valley glaciers are the causes of U-shaped mountain valleys.

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