The answers are:
- Infected cells have viral genes permanently: Lysogenic cycle
- Viral genes remain dormant for months or years: Lysogenic cycle.
- Viral genes instruct host cell to make more capsids and enzymes for viral: Lytic cycle
- Viruses leave the cell by causing the cell to lyse: Both
- The host cell makes many copies of viral DNA: Lytic cycle
- Viral DNA enters the nucleus of hot cell: Lytic cycle
- Infections are usually immediate: Lytic cycle
Lytic and lysogenic are two different ways in which a virus can infect a cell. In both cases, it affects the host's cell DNA but by different mechanisms.
The Lytic cycle:
The virus attaches itself to the host cell. Then, it injects the viral DNA. The host cell machinery is used to synthesize and join the different elements of new viruses. Once that the viruses are formed they go out of the cell by lysing. The lyse leads to the death of the host cell.
The lysogenic cycle:
in this cycle, the phage attaches to the host cell, then releases its DNA to the interior of the bacteria. The DNA called prophage joins the host cell's DNA, and it reproduces with it. After some reproductions, this viral DNA excises the host cell's DNA and becomes active. When it is active, it synthesizes all the necessary proteins to make viruses. Then, they are enabled and released by lysis of the cell.
In conclusion, the lytic cycle infects the cells immediately; in both, the DNA is affected, and at the end, the host cell dies by lysis.
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