Iron (Fe) and diatomic oxygen (O2) combine to produce iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3). The table below compares the properties of these substances.

Iron (Fe) Oxygen (O2) Iron(III) Oxide (Fe2O3)
Melting Point (°C) 1538 −218.4 1565
Density (g/cm3) 7.83 0.00143 5.26
Appearance shiny, gray
metal colorless,
odorless gas red, odorless
powder

What can be concluded from this data?
A.
A chemical reaction occurred because iron(III) oxide has similar properties to iron and diatomic oxygen.
B.
A chemical reaction did not occur because solid iron cannot chemically react with oxygen gas.
C.
A chemical reaction occurred because iron(III) oxide has different properties than iron and diatomic oxygen.
D.
A chemical reaction did not occur because iron(III) oxide is not a new substance.

A chemical reaction leads to the appearance of new substances with different properties. A chemical reaction occurred because iron(III) oxide has different properties than iron and diatomic oxygen.

A chemical reaction is also called a chemical change. A chemical reaction results in the formation of new substances. The properties of these new substances differ significantly from the properties of the substances that were combined to produce them.

As we can see, the properties of Fe2O3 are different from the properties of molecular oxygen gas and solid iron. Hence, a chemical reaction occurred because iron(III) oxide has different properties than iron and diatomic oxygen.

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