Limiting factors can be either abiotic or biotic. Examples: Abiotic → water, pH, radiation, salinity. Biotic → predation, competition, parasitism.
The ecosystem is composed of living and non-living elements that interact and depend on each other. These are the biotic and abiotic factors.
• Abiotic factors are physical and chemical components of the ecosystem. These are the non-living elements.
• Biotic factors are all the living components in the ecosystem.
Biotic and abiotic factors influence the survival and reproduction of living beings.
Limiting factors are environmental conditions that act directly on populations and individuals, limiting their distribution and growth.
These factors might be either biotic or abiotic and affect natality and mortality rate, migration, etcetera.
Limiting factors might be a result of the population density or might be dense-independent.
When talking about dense-independent limiting factors we are referring to
When talking about dense-dependent limiting factors we are referring to biotic factors and the interactions established between species that control other species' growth.
These are, for instance,
Each species carries out a different role in these interactions.
These relationships and the results are what determine the destiny of the populations and their size.
Now, since I do not have the text, I will suggest a few examples of limiting factors. Take a look at them and then look for some other examples in your reading.
Limiting biotic factors:
Limiting abiotic factors:
Following this framework, you should look in your reading which limiting factors are described.
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