Without undergoing any permanent changes itself, the enzyme makes changes to the substrate.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that have the capacity to increase the rate of biological reactions. They are proteinous in nature and act by lowering the activation energy of reactants, the activation energy being the minimum energy barrier that must be crossed by reactants to become products.
Enzymes are able to make changes to substrates or reactants without themselves undergoing any permanent changes. They are not used up in reactions and hence, can be used over and over again in a biological system.
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