Read the passage.

(1) The umbrella dates back more than 3,000 years to Mesopotamia. (2) That ancient land was located in the Middle East. (3) The Middle East is a hot and sunny part of the world. (4) Royalty there demanded protection from the sun. (5) People developed the umbrella for this purpose. (6) Use of the umbrella as a sunshade then spread to ancient Europe. (7) In fact, if you analyze the origin of the word umbrella,you will see that it reflects the umbrella’s original purpose. (8) Umbrella comes from the Latin word umbra. (9) Umbra means “shade.” (10) Eventually, the Romans used the umbrella to protect themselves from the rain. (11) They used the umbrella to protect themselves from the sun as well. (12) Today, umbrellas are used mainly as raingear.

Which is the most effective way to combine sentences 2 and 3?

Located in the Middle East, a hot and sunny part of the world, that ancient land.
That ancient land was located in the Middle East, and the Middle East is a hot and sunny part of the world.
That ancient land was located in the Middle East, a hot and sunny part of the world.
A hot and sunny part of the world is the ancient land the Middle East.

This sentence is the one that gives all the information that sentence 2 and 3 provide. It does it in a simple but effective way, avoiding repetition and unecessary words. For example ,the second option repeats "the Middle East" two times, this is uncessesary as we are in the same sentence.

The first option isn't correct either, you can know that by only reading it outloud, "that ancient land" is not used in the correct way. It looks that the Middle East is the ancient land but it should be refering specifically to Mesopotamia

The option chosen makes reference to Mesopotamia in first place, it stablishes that it is an ancient land. It gives us it's location and then describes it.