The alpha particles would go right through the gold foil in Rutherford's experiment as a result of atoms being comprised of mostly empty space.
Ernest Rutherford was a New Zealand born scientist who proposed the model for the structure of atoms, and then proceeded to test his hypothesis with the now famous, Rutherford Gold Foil experiment. Physicists Marsden and Geiger assisted with these experiments in the early 1900s.
The proposed structure of the atom was:
- A tiny and very dense nucleus
- This nucleus was proposed to be positively charged
- The atom is mostly empty space
- The little mass an atom has is contained in its nucleus
- A circling electron gives off radiation
This is what became known as the Rutherford atomic model. This model was correct in all but the last point. The experiment showed that most of the particles would go straight through the foil, corroborating the claim that the atom is comprised mostly of empty space. While some particles would be reflected due to their positive charge, this was used to corroborate the claims regarding the nucleus of the atom. Therefore we can confirm that A is the correct option.
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