The best way to ensure that results of a study are generalizable to a population is by using a random selection of people in that population
The goal of every research experiment is to obtain results that are generalizable to a whole population.
This is achieved by the method of random selection. In random selection, members of the of the population are selected in such a way that is representative of the entire population. If for instance, I want to study a school having six classes which comprises of boys and girls. There are 700 students in the school and I need only 180 students to participate in a study whose results will be extrapolated to all the 700 students. I can decide to randomly select 15 boys and 15 girls from each class to participate in the study. This is an example of random selection.
In this way, the results obtained from the study is reflective of the whole population even though only a sample of the population actually participated in the study.
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