Populism has been an important force in Latin American political history, where many charismatic leaders have emerged since the beginning of the 20th century, as the paramountcy of agrarian oligarchies had been dislocated by the onset of industrial capitalism, allowing for the emergence of an industrial bourgeoisie and the activation of an urban working class,[9] causing the emergence of reformist and multi-class nationalist politics, centered on a charismatic leadership,[10] such as Aprismo in Peru, the MNR in Bolivia, and the political movements gravitating around Getúlio Vargas in Brazil, Perón in Argentina, Lazaro Cárdenas in Mexico, Ecuador's Velasco Ibarra and others.
