The kind of study that has a post-test but no baseline measurements is a placebo-controlled study. So the correct option is C.
This is a study performed during human- trials of a drug. In this study, the people selected for the trial are divided into two groups. One group gets the actual drug or the active treatment and the other group is given a placebo.
A placebo is a substance that has a look and taste similar to the actual drug but it contains no active substance as the drug. This is given to eliminate the chance of a placebo effect.
A placebo is a tendency to feel better when we are receiving treatment for a disease even if the treatment is not having an actual effect.
Since, in a placebo-controlled study, the two groups do not know if they are receiving the actual drug or the placebo, the chances of a placebo effect occurring are reduced to a minimum.
Thus, a placebo-controlled trial is required for a drug trial.
therefore, the correct option is C.
Read more about the placebo-controlled study, here
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