Answer: C. Affirmative action
Explanation:
Sometimes a particular group (race, gender, nationality etc) might not be adequately represented in the workforce of an organization be it government or private. This organization can take actions to ensure that an adequate number of that group is represented in their workforce and when this happens, it is called Affirmative Action.
Affirmative action came by as a result of a realization that the U.S. was dominated by particular groups even though many groups lived there so action was needed to balance out this situation.