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Explanation: South Africa's beleaguered white leaders today imposed a nationwide state of emergency and detained hundreds of activists in an effort to crush dissent before Monday, the 10th anniversary of the Soweto uprisings.
In the first day of the decree, the Government-controlled television said, more than 1,000 people were detained.
The first response from opponents of the Government who are in hiding was that the measure would spark violence. ''Removing responsible leaders of the people has effectively paved the way for a blood bath in the country,'' said Murphy Morobe, a spokesman for the United Democratic Front. Mr. Morobe issued his statement from hiding. Church and Labor Leaders Held
The United Democratic Front, which says it has a following of two million, is the biggest nonparliamentary opposition group in the country. Some of those detained today, along with church and labor leaders, were its supporters.
